Jeruk Purut
Jeruk Purut
Jeruk Purut adalah sejenis jeruk aromatik dari famili Rutaceae yang daun dan kulit buahnya beraroma kuat dan banyak dipakai dalam masakan Asia Tenggara.
Sumber Wikipedia Commons:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/C_hystrix_kaffir_lime_leaves.jpg/1200px-C_hystrix_kaffir_lime_leaves.jpg
Sumber MDPI:https://www.mdpi.com/pharmaceuticals/pharmaceuticals-15-00167/article_deploy/html/images/pharmaceuticals-15-00167-g001.png
Sumber 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
☀️ Syarat Tumbuh
Iklim: tropis sampai subtropis hangat.
Curah hujan: sedang sampai tinggi; toleran pada musim hujan tetapi tidak tergenang.
Tanah: subur, gembur, pH netral sampai sedikit asam; drainase baik.
Cahaya: sinar matahari penuh hingga teduhan parsial (lebih banyak buah pada lokasi cerah).
Drainase: penting — akar tidak tahan genangan (rentan busuk akar).
🌿 Morfologi
Akar: tunggang dengan serabut, sensitif terhadap kelebihan air.
Batang: semak/pohon kecil berduri, bercabang rapat.
Daun: khas “double leaf” (daun sejati + pelepah yang melebar), tebal, mengkilap, aromatik.
Bunga: kecil, putih, harum, 4–5 kelopak.
Buah: bulat kecil ±3–5 cm, kulit kasar/berbintil (warted), hijau sampai kuning saat matang, daging sedikit berair dan sangat asam.
Biji: beberapa biji kecil dalam buah.
🌱 Budidaya
Perbanyakan: biji (lama berbuah) atau stek/pencangkokan untuk mempertahankan karakter.
Jarak tanam: pekarangan/konteiner; jika di kebun, 3–5 m antar tanaman.
Pemupukan: pupuk organik + NPK sesuai kebutuhan jeruk.
Pengendalian hama/penyakit: jagai faktor kelembaban, awasi kutu sisik, tungau, dan penyakit jamur; pangkas untuk sirkulasi udara.
Panen: daun dapat dipetik sewaktu-waktu; buah dipanen saat ukuran matang sesuai kebutuhan.
🧩 Bagian Tanaman yang Dimanfaatkan
Daun (paling sering), kulit buah (parutan/irisan), minyak esensial dari daun/peel, dan buah untuk keperluan tertentu.
🌿Ramuan Tradisional
Untuk gangguan pencernaan ringan (perut kembung, mual): ramuan daun jeruk purut direbus.
🍵 Cara Penyajian
Cuci daun, remas kasar, rebus dalam 500 ml air selama 5–10 menit, saring, minum hangat 1–2 kali sehari.
Perhatian / Efek samping
Mengandung furanokumarina yang dapat menyebabkan fototoksisitas bila diaplikasikan ke kulit dan terkena sinar matahari — gunakan hati-hati untuk pengolesan kulit dan hindari paparan matahari siklus panjang setelah pemakaian topikal. Jangan menggantikan terapi medis tanpa konsultasi.
Sumber Pustaka
- Kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) — Wikipedia. Wikipedia
- Potential Therapeutic Effects of Citrus hystrix DC and Its Bioactive Compounds — artikel review (MDPI / PubMed Central). PMC
- Citrus hystrix: A review of phytochemistry, pharmacology and industrial applications — ScienceDirect review. ScienceDirect
- Citrus hystrix — Missouri Botanical Garden / Plant Finder (informasi budidaya & morfologi). missouribotanicalgarden.org
- Givaudan Citrus Variety Collection (UCR) — Citrus hystrix (foto & distribusi koleksi).
